Extension card · Neutrosophic
Triangular Neutrosophic MULTIMOORA (Stanujkić et al., 2021)
Triangular neutrosophic MULTIMOORA is the form of MULTIMOORA for situations where several experts' truth-indeterminacy-falsity judgements are gathered into a triangle that carries both consensus and disagreement together. The ratio system, the reference point and the full multiplicative form aggregate benefit and cost criteria separately; dominance theory reduces the three results to a single rank.
Base method
MULTIMOORA →
Philosophy, mechanics, strengths and weaknesses are on the base method card; this card describes only the difference.
Data type (family)
Neutrosophic →
What this data type is, when to use it, how to write it in a cell: the family's full account is here.
What Changes from the Base Method?
Four things change; the idea behind the ratio system, the reference point and the full multiplicative form stays the same.
Cells. In ordinary neutrosophic MULTIMOORA (n-multimoora), every cell is three numbers: truth, indeterminacy, falsity. Here EACH of these three components is itself a triangle: a lower-mid-upper for truth, a lower-mid-upper for indeterminacy, a lower-mid-upper for falsity; nine numbers in total. This triangle is the result of merging several experts' single-valued neutrosophic judgements. DecisionMind splits the experts' scores in every cell around the median: the average of those below the median becomes the triangle's lower corner, the median itself becomes the middle corner, and the average of those above becomes the upper corner. In this way the triangle's width carries the board's own disagreement: a narrow triangle shows consensus, a wide triangle shows disagreement. This extension directly supports group decisions; weights, however, are taken from outside as crisp numbers.
Scale equalisation. Crisp MULTIMOORA has a separate normalisation step dividing by the square root of the sum of squares; there is no such step here. Instead, each of the three sub-methods aggregates benefit criteria and cost criteria directly on the triangles, each with its own weighted-combination rule.
Distance / score / aggregation. The ratio system combines the triangles of the benefit criteria among themselves, and the triangles of the cost criteria among themselves, each with weights; the two sides remain separate triangles. BOTH sides are then converted into a single number by a score function (Ye, 2015), and the cost side's score is subtracted from the benefit side's score. The reference point builds, for each criterion, an ideal triangle according to its direction (for a benefit criterion, the highest truth and the lowest indeterminacy-falsity; for a cost criterion, the lowest truth and the highest falsity, with indeterminacy again wanted low), and takes the LARGEST of each alternative's weighted distance to this ideal; this is the same "look at the worst criterion" logic as in crisp MULTIMOORA. The full multiplicative form likewise aggregates benefit and cost criteria separately, this time with a multiplicative rule. The two sides are again converted to a single number by the score function, and the benefit side's score is divided by the cost side's score.
Result and defuzzification. All three sub-methods carry the benefit and cost sides as triangles all the way to the END; descending to a single number happens only at the moment the two sides are compared (by subtraction or division). The final rank is built, as in crisp MULTIMOORA, by dominance theory: the alternative that sits at the top across the three sub-rankings wins.
DecisionMind fixes the median-based triangulation, the separate aggregation of benefit and cost criteria, the Ye (2015) score function and dominance theory for this extension.
How to Read the Output
The final rank is the combined summary of the three viewpoints, exactly as in crisp MULTIMOORA; it is read the same way.
The difference is this. The triangular structure is preserved until the benefit and cost criteria have each been aggregated internally; descent to a single number happens only at the moment these two sides are compared. This differs from intuitionistic fuzzy or ordinary neutrosophic MULTIMOORA: there, some sub-methods descend to a single number as early as the first step; here, all three reach this defuzzification at the same, late point.
Thus instead of writing:
"Triangular neutrosophic MULTIMOORA is the most informative form because it carries uncertainty through the whole calculation"
the report should read:
"The truth-indeterminacy-falsity triangles are preserved until the benefit side and the cost side have each been aggregated internally; descent to a single number happens only at the step where these two sides are compared, and this happens at the same point in all three sub-methods"
When to Prefer This over the Base Method
Use this extension when a neutrosophic judgement comes from several experts and how much the board agrees, that is, how narrow or wide the triangle is, matters for the decision. If there is only a single expert, or the degree of consensus will not be separately reported, ordinary neutrosophic MULTIMOORA (n-multimoora) is sufficient; the triangular form adds a further layer, and using this layer without justification only adds computational weight.
Turning a measured criterion into a T-I-F triangle is producing uncertainty, not modelling it; this principle applies here too. If there is full consensus, that is, all experts gave the same score, the triangle's three corners come out equal and this extension becomes indistinguishable from ordinary neutrosophic MULTIMOORA. Crisp MULTIMOORA's exit condition applies here too; if no compromise at all is acceptable on one criterion, this extension, too, is compensatory.
Mistakes Specific to This Extension
Fabricating or equalising the triangle's three corners. The triangle's width must come from the board's real spread of opinion; arbitrarily equalising the three corners hides a real disagreement, and arbitrarily widening them fabricates a disagreement that does not exist.
Aggregating benefit and cost criteria together without direction information. The reference point's ideal triangle is built according to direction; if a cost criterion is processed as though it were a benefit, the ideal point is built in the wrong corner and the ranking is reversed.
Changing the score function, or not stating it, in the report. DecisionMind fixes the Ye (2015) score function; a different score function can produce a different rank.
Failing to read a wide triangle from few experts as "data quality is low". A wide triangle does not mean low data quality; it means a real disagreement within the board, and the report should make this distinction.
The governing principle is this:
The triangle's width is the board's own disagreement; this width is preserved until the benefit and cost sides are each aggregated internally, and descent to a single number happens only at the moment the two sides are compared.
Cases
The first case is a literature case: it is Stanujkić et al.'s (2021) cloud-computing-technology-selection example from their paper; today's output of DecisionMind's engine is given here. The second case is an illustrative construction.
1. Information technology: Choosing a technology among four cloud service providers (Stanujkić et al., 2021)
An organisation is assessing four candidates (S1, S2, S3, S4) on six criteria to choose the cloud service provider to migrate its infrastructure to: cost, availability, storage, processing power, performance, security; all six are taken as "higher is better." Weights are equal (1/6 for each criterion). Every cell is a truth-indeterminacy-falsity triangle built from several experts' scores; only the truth component (lower; mid; upper) is shown below, but the indeterminacy and falsity components are likewise given as triangles in the source.
| Provider | Cost | Availability | Storage | Processing | Performance | Security |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | 0.90; 0.90; 1.00 | 1.00; 1.00; 1.00 | 0.90; 1.00; 1.00 | 0.70; 0.70; 0.70 | 0.90; 1.00; 1.00 | 0.90; 0.90; 0.90 |
| S2 | 1.00; 1.00; 1.00 | 1.00; 1.00; 1.00 | 1.00; 1.00; 1.00 | 0.60; 0.60; 0.60 | 1.00; 1.00; 1.00 | 0.90; 1.00; 1.00 |
| S3 | 0.70; 0.70; 0.80 | 0.90; 0.90; 0.90 | 0.60; 0.70; 0.70 | 0.50; 0.50; 0.50 | 0.90; 0.90; 0.90 | 0.70; 0.70; 0.70 |
| S4 | 0.70; 0.75; 0.80 | 0.80; 0.85; 0.90 | 0.70; 0.75; 0.80 | 0.50; 0.55; 0.60 | 0.80; 0.85; 0.90 | 0.70; 0.75; 0.80 |
The method combines the benefit criteria (all of them, here) with weights among themselves and converts them to a single number with the score function; since the cost side is empty, only the benefit side's score is used. The same operation is repeated for the reference point as distance to the worst criterion, and for the full multiplicative form as a weighted product.
| Provider | Ratio system | Rank | Reference point | Rank | Full multiplicative | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | 0.3072 | 2 | 0.1111 | 3 | 0.2180 | 2 |
| S2 | 0.3333 | 1 | 0.0444 | 1 | 0.2812 | 1 |
| S3 | 0.2581 | 3 | 0.1556 | 4 | 0.0300 | 4 |
| S4 | 0.1423 | 4 | 0.1083 | 2 | 0.1301 | 3 |
The final rank combined by dominance theory:
| Provider | Final rank |
|---|---|
| S2 | 1 |
| S1 | 2 |
| S4 | 3 |
| S3 | 4 |
The result reads as follows. S2 is first in all three sub-methods; this makes S2's first place uncontested. S1 is second in the ratio system and the full multiplicative form, but third in the reference point; this is because it falls behind on the processing criterion, and the reference point carries a logic that looks at the worst criterion. The gap between S4 and S3 is contradictory across the sub-methods: S4 is second in the reference point but near last in the ratio system; S3 is third in the ratio system but last in both the reference point and the full multiplicative form. S4 overtaking S3 does not come from S3 failing to stand out on any criterion as much as S4 does. The real reason is that S3's score on the security criterion is spread over a wide range among the experts; that is, S3's indeterminacy on this criterion is high.
The organisation's hesitation: the rank between S4 and S3 is the one place where the three sub-methods do not fully agree. The gap between S1 and S2, meanwhile, is small in the ratio system (0.3072 against 0.3333) and could narrow further if the processing criterion's weight were increased; the organisation should base its decision not only on the dominance rank but also on S1's relative weakness on the processing criterion.
In the report: "By dominance theory, S2 comes first in all three sub-methods, and this result is robust. S1 is second; its relative weakness on the processing criterion stands out in the reference-point view. The rank between S4 and S3 is contradictory across the sub-methods and should not be treated as decisive on its own."
Source: Stanujkić, D., Zavadskas, E. K., Smarandache, F., Brauers, W. K. M., & Karabašević, D. (2021). Cloud Computing Technology Selection Using a Novel Neutrosophic Extension of the MULTIMOORA Method. In: Smarandache, F., & Abdel-Basset, M. (eds.), Neutrosophic Operational Research, Springer, 367–395. The numbers in this table rest on the paper's own worked example; DecisionMind's engine has been run as it stands today, and the results are carried over here unchanged.
2. Archival science: An archival institution's choice of digitisation-service provider
An archival institution will choose one of four service providers (S1, S2, S3, S4) to digitise historical documents. Criteria: scan resolution, delivery time (lower is better), document security and price (lower is better). The evaluation board has five experts; each expert scores every provider on every criterion with a truth-indeterminacy-falsity triple, and these five scores are aggregated by DecisionMind into a median-based triangle.
The method aggregates the benefit criteria (resolution, security) and the cost criteria (delivery time, price) separately, converts each side to a single number with the score function, and calculates the three sub-methods. Suppose the lowest-priced provider comes first in the ratio system and the full multiplicative form, but this provider's document-security triangle was fairly wide, that is, the five experts gave scores far apart from one another on this criterion.
The board's hesitation is this: the wide triangle in the lowest-priced provider's security score may show that the experts do not have enough information about this provider's security practices. Before accepting the rank given by dominance theory, the board should separately examine which provider has a wide triangle, that is, low consensus, on which criterion.
In the report: "By dominance theory, the lowest-priced provider is first; but there is a wide disagreement among the experts on this provider's document-security score, and requesting further information on this point is recommended."
3. What Not to Do
In the first case, reducing S1's cost-criterion triangle (0.90; 0.90; 1.00) to a single number, say only its mid value (0.90), and running crisp MULTIMOORA on that silently erases the disagreement among the experts (the upper corner rising to 1.00). The second error is reversing the sign of the processing criterion's direction (which is "higher is better" here, not "lower is better") and building the reference point's ideal triangle in the wrong corner; this makes the criterion S1 is weak on look strong. The third error is overlooking the contradiction between the sub-methods on the rank between S4 and S3 and reporting only the final dominance rank (S4 third) as though it were a clear superiority.
Sources
For the formulas behind each step, the intermediate tables and citation formats, see the DecisionMind method page: decisionmind.app/library/tvn-multimoora
Stanujkić, D., Zavadskas, E. K., Smarandache, F., Brauers, W. K. M., & Karabašević, D. (2021). Cloud Computing Technology Selection Using a Novel Neutrosophic Extension of the MULTIMOORA Method. In: Smarandache, F., & Abdel-Basset, M. (eds.), Neutrosophic Operational Research (pp. 367–395). Springer Nature Switzerland AG. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57197-9_18
Stanujkic, D., Zavadskas, E. K., Smarandache, F., Brauers, W. K. M., & Karabasevic, D. (2017). A neutrosophic extension of the MULTIMOORA method. Informatica, 28(1), 181–192. DOI: 10.15388/Informatica.2017.125
Ye, J. (2015). Trapezoidal neutrosophic set and its application to multiple attribute decision-making. Neural Computing and Applications, 26(5), 1157–1166. DOI: 10.1007/s00521-014-1787-6
Brauers, W. K. M., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2010). Project management by MULTIMOORA as an instrument for transition economies. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 16(1), 5–24. DOI: 10.3846/tede.2010.01
Smarandache, F. (1998). Neutrosophy: Neutrosophic probability, set, and logic. American Research Press, Rehoboth. (no DOI)